We are saying the same thing, I was oversimplifying though.
The profile is based on the voltage of the battery, the capacity, and the permissible amp draw. The actual voltage reading informs the device of the real remaining capacity because the device can’t read capacity and can only infer it based on historic data compared against the profile. Battery temperature is also a throttling factor, but we don’t need to get that far into the battery management weeds.
The battery has a driver, which is written in software that indicates level based on an underlying profile of how the battery drains.
Hence why Pixel4a users were suddenly shocked by an upgrade that halved their battery life because Google made a whoopsie on the battery profile.
We are saying the same thing, I was oversimplifying though.
The profile is based on the voltage of the battery, the capacity, and the permissible amp draw. The actual voltage reading informs the device of the real remaining capacity because the device can’t read capacity and can only infer it based on historic data compared against the profile. Battery temperature is also a throttling factor, but we don’t need to get that far into the battery management weeds.